翻譯公司的翻譯人員，可能遇到一些挫折之后就會(huì)質(zhì)疑自己的翻譯能力，因此，會(huì)進(jìn)入翻譯的瓶頸期而不知所措，這時(shí)候，我們只能提高自己的翻譯能力才能走出來(lái)，那么作為一名翻譯員，怎么才能提高翻譯能力呢?

　　Translators in translation companies may question their translation ability after some setbacks. Therefore, they will enter the bottleneck of translation and do not know what to do. At this time, we can only improve our translation ability to come out. So as a translator, how can we improve our translation ability?

　　其實(shí)，“千里之行，始于足下”，翻譯的能力是要在實(shí)踐中成長(zhǎng)的。不斷地訓(xùn)練自己的翻譯能力，不停的進(jìn)行翻譯。當(dāng)你同一本書(shū)第一次翻譯和最后一次翻譯出現(xiàn)很明顯的差別時(shí)，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己進(jìn)步了。

　　In fact, "the journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step", and the ability to translate is growing in practice. Constantly train your translation ability and keep translating. When there is a clear difference between the first translation and the last translation of the same book, you will find that you have made progress.

　　翻譯這條路是沒(méi)有什么捷徑可以走的，唯一的路就是不停的練習(xí)。一個(gè)同聲翻譯，在正式成為同聲翻譯之前，他至少精聽(tīng)過(guò)大量的材料。而想要成為一個(gè)合格的翻譯，達(dá)到翻譯技能的水平，起碼要翻譯3-5萬(wàn)字，想要成為一個(gè)熟練的翻譯，10-15萬(wàn)字的量是不可少的。

　　There is no shortcut to translate this road. The only way is to keep practicing. At the same time, he had heard at least a great deal of material before he became a simultaneous interpreter. In order to be a qualified translator and achieve the level of translation skills, at least 30-50,000 words should be translated. To be a skilled translator, the amount of 100-150,000 words is indispensable.

　　那么，想問(wèn)一下，大家現(xiàn)在翻譯了多少字呢?而在你翻譯的文字中，是不是涵蓋了各種類(lèi)型和文體的素材呢?不管是論文、合同、還是產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明，抑或是詩(shī)詞歌賦、散文小說(shuō)，各種文體的翻譯都要勇于嘗試進(jìn)行翻譯。

　　So, I would like to ask how many words have been translated? And in your translation, do you cover all kinds of materials? Whether it is a paper, a contract, or a product description, or poetry, lyrics, prose and fiction, the translation of various styles should be courageous to try to translate.

　　以前一直提倡翻譯要專(zhuān)才，但現(xiàn)在，翻譯不只要專(zhuān)才，還要通才。除了要精通某一領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，同時(shí)也要學(xué)習(xí)和涉獵其他相關(guān)行業(yè)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)，這才是21世紀(jì)需要的翻譯人才。

　　Translation has always been advocated as a specialist, but now translation is not only professional, but also versatile. In addition to being proficient in a particular field of expertise, we also need to learn and dabble in other related fields of knowledge, which is the translation talents needed in the 21st century.

　　疑問(wèn)四

　　Question four

　　詞匯量重要么?

　　Is vocabulary important?

　　詞匯是要積累的，很難想象一個(gè)只有5000詞匯的人能翻譯好東西，因?yàn)檎也坏娇梢杂脕?lái)表達(dá)你想表達(dá)意思的詞。詞匯量代表一個(gè)人的思維能力,British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill，有90，000詞匯量，相當(dāng)高，一個(gè)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)的學(xué)生按理說(shuō)詞匯量是13,000，而一個(gè)受過(guò)良好教育的英美國(guó)人，詞匯量為25,000。

　　Vocabulary is to be accumulated. It's hard to imagine a person with only 5000 words can translate good things, because you can't find words to express what you want to express. Vocabulary represents a person's thinking ability. British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, has 90,000 vocabulary, which is quite high. An English major with TEM8 is supposed to have a vocabulary of 13,000, while an educated British and American has a vocabulary of 25,000.

　　疑問(wèn)一

　　Question one

　　如何平衡筆記和聽(tīng)力的關(guān)系?

　　How to balance the relationship between note taking and listening?

　　初學(xué)筆記，聽(tīng)和記錄不能同步，聽(tīng)的時(shí)候忘了記憶,記憶的時(shí)候忘了聽(tīng)，聽(tīng)辨分析的時(shí)候忘了記錄。最后是筆記也沒(méi)有寫(xiě)下來(lái)，短期記憶也沒(méi)有發(fā)揮出來(lái)，無(wú)法進(jìn)行信息輸出。

　　Initial note-taking, listening and recording can not be synchronized, when listening forget memory, when memory forget to listen, when listening analysis forget to record. Finally, notes are not written down, nor have short-term memories been played out.

　　口譯筆記，不是單純的機(jī)械記錄，更不是簡(jiǎn)單的速記，它是融合聽(tīng)、分析、記憶、記錄等多個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的多任務(wù)作業(yè)�？谧g員需要做到“一心多用”，合理的分配自己的精力(effort coordination)。初學(xué)口譯筆記的人，由于沒(méi)有不能合理的分配，難免出現(xiàn)聽(tīng)和記錄不同步的現(xiàn)象。

　　Interpretation note-taking is not a simple mechanical record, nor a simple shorthand. It is a multi-task task that integrates listening, analysis, memory and recording. Interpreters need to "multipurpose" and reasonably allocate their energy (effort coordination). For beginners of interpreting notes, the phenomenon of asynchrony between listening and recording inevitably arises because of the unreasonable distribution of notes.

　　口譯的精力分配和協(xié)調(diào)類(lèi)似于開(kāi)車(chē)聽(tīng)廣播。開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)需要高度集中精力，但是聽(tīng)到感興趣的話(huà)題，會(huì)下意識(shí)分出精力去聽(tīng)，油門(mén)減慢，減少車(chē)輛操控的精力�？谧g亦然，要學(xué)會(huì)在各個(gè)任務(wù)間進(jìn)行合理的調(diào)配。

　　The distribution and coordination of energy in interpreting are similar to driving and listening to the radio. Driving requires a high degree of concentration, but when you listen to interesting topics, you will subconsciously devote your energy to listening, slow down the throttle, and reduce the energy of vehicle control. If interpreting is the same, we must learn to make reasonable deployment among different tasks.

　　當(dāng)聽(tīng)到難點(diǎn)和主要信息點(diǎn)，需要分析時(shí)，可以放慢記錄的節(jié)奏，把更多的精力放在聽(tīng)辨上。當(dāng)聽(tīng)辨內(nèi)容難度較低時(shí)，精力則向記錄傾斜，加快書(shū)寫(xiě)的節(jié)奏，做到總體平衡，適度調(diào)配。好似大腦中植入了一個(gè)閥門(mén)，通過(guò)閥門(mén)來(lái)調(diào)配精力的分配。

　　When we hear difficult points and main information points and need analysis, we can slow down the rhythm of recording and concentrate more on listening comprehension. When the difficulty of listening is low, the energy inclines to recording, speeds up the rhythm of writing, achieves overall balance and moderate allocation. It's like putting a valve in the brain and distributing the energy through the valve.

　　通過(guò)合理的方法，進(jìn)行有效的聯(lián)系，可以提高多重任務(wù)的精力協(xié)調(diào)能力，實(shí)現(xiàn)聽(tīng)、寫(xiě)和記憶同步。

　　Through reasonable methods and effective contacts, the energy coordination ability of multiple tasks can be improved, and the synchronization of listening, writing and memory can be realized.

　　第一種方法，在聽(tīng)一段話(huà)同時(shí)，相對(duì)勻速的寫(xiě)數(shù)字(按一定順序書(shū)寫(xiě)，如從1到100或從100到1)，聽(tīng)完后，復(fù)述該段內(nèi)容。

　　The first method is to write numbers at relatively uniform speed (from 1 to 100 or from 100 to 1) while listening to a passage. After listening, repeat the passage.

　　一定要注意書(shū)寫(xiě)的速度，不能幾秒鐘寫(xiě)一個(gè)數(shù)字，也不能一秒鐘寫(xiě)N個(gè)數(shù)字，更不能一會(huì)寫(xiě)的飛快，一會(huì)寫(xiě)的比蝸牛爬都慢，一定要保持勻速。聽(tīng)到主要信息，需要更多精力記憶的時(shí)候，適當(dāng)放慢一點(diǎn)寫(xiě)的速度。信息相對(duì)次要的時(shí)候，可以適當(dāng)加快書(shū)寫(xiě)速度。此外，寫(xiě)數(shù)字的時(shí)候，順序不能亂。

　　We must pay attention to the speed of writing. We can't write a number in a few seconds or N numbers in a second. We can't write fast in a moment. We can write slower in a moment than snails. We must keep a uniform speed. When you hear the main message and need more energy to remember, slow down the writing speed appropriately. When information is relatively minor, the writing speed can be accelerated. In addition, when writing numbers, the order can not be confused.

　　第二種方法，邊跟讀，邊相對(duì)勻速的按照一定順序?qū)憯?shù)字，聽(tīng)完后，復(fù)述。操作形式同方法一。此外，每換一個(gè)段子，數(shù)字的起點(diǎn)也要發(fā)生變化。如果上一段從1寫(xiě)到了50，那么聽(tīng)新段落時(shí)，起點(diǎn)不能選擇50或49，要選一個(gè)離50盡量遠(yuǎn)的數(shù)字，避免實(shí)現(xiàn)在腦中形成定式，達(dá)不到練習(xí)的效果。

　　The second way is to read the numbers along the same order, and repeat after listening. The form of operation is the same as method. In addition, every time a paragraph changes, the starting point of the number changes. If the last paragraph is written from 1 to 50, then when listening to the new paragraph, you can't choose 50 or 49 as the starting point. You should choose a number as far away as possible from 50, so as to avoid the formation of stereotypes in your brain, which can't achieve the effect of practice.

　　疑問(wèn)二

　　Question two

　　怎樣才算合格的翻譯表現(xiàn)?

　　How to qualify the translation performance?

　　好的譯員知道怎樣把握節(jié)奏。新翻譯經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一個(gè)問(wèn)題，就是沒(méi)有抑揚(yáng)頓挫，一味地往前趕。最后跟得很辛苦，而且不一定跟得上，信息丟失很厲害。

　　A good interpreter knows how to control the rhythm. There is often a problem with new translation, that is to say, there is no way to go forward without a cadence. In the end, it was hard to follow, and was not always able to keep up with it.

　　一個(gè)成熟的翻譯，必須有自己獨(dú)特的、感覺(jué)舒適的節(jié)奏。大家各有習(xí)慣，但是剛剛開(kāi)始培養(yǎng)節(jié)奏的過(guò)程中，有幾點(diǎn)可供參考。

　　A mature translation must have its own unique and comfortable rhythm. We all have habits, but there are several points for reference in the process of training.

　　a. 先說(shuō)說(shuō)一味往前趕的壞處。沒(méi)有抑揚(yáng)頓挫的說(shuō)話(huà)，聽(tīng)眾聽(tīng)起來(lái)會(huì)很累，漸漸地就聽(tīng)不進(jìn)去了。另外，自己也繃得太緊、沒(méi)有放松的機(jī)會(huì)，很容易出錯(cuò)。有時(shí)候甚至自己都不知道說(shuō)哪里了，然后整句整句地丟失。

　　A. first, let's talk about the disadvantages of going forward. Without a cadence, the audience would be tired and would not listen. Besides, they are too tight and have no chance to relax. It is very easy to make mistakes. Sometimes I even don't know where to say it, then I lose it in whole sentence.

　　b. 正確的做法是：句子、意群之間要有停頓，句子、意群中間快速推進(jìn)。比如：“我在考慮入一個(gè)feature phone。以前大愛(ài)短信，改用觸摸屏手機(jī)后，人生一大樂(lè)事就此消亡。”

　　The correct way for B. is that there should be a pause between sentences and groups of ideas. For example, "I'm thinking of entering a feature phone. Before the Big Love SMS, switch to touch screen phone, a great pleasure in life will die out.

　　把這個(gè)句子簡(jiǎn)單看成四個(gè)意群，每個(gè)意群完成頓一下，意群內(nèi)快速推進(jìn)。即：每個(gè)下劃線(xiàn)標(biāo)出的部分說(shuō)很快，一段下劃線(xiàn)完成，停一下。有點(diǎn)羅嗦了。

　　Think of this sentence as a simple group of four meanings, and each group will complete a quick move. That is: each underlined part is said to be finished very quickly, and a short line is completed. It's a bit wordy.

　　c. 停頓是為了幫助客戶(hù)分解句子、更好地抓住講者的實(shí)際意思。中間說(shuō)得快，是為了跟上講者的速度，不丟失信息。

　　C. pause is to help customers break down sentences and better grasp the actual meaning of speakers. The middle said quickly, in order to keep pace with the speaker, without losing information.

　　d. 有時(shí)候會(huì)遇到語(yǔ)速非�？斓目蛻�(hù)，這時(shí)就需要你的“薄嘴皮子”了。但中間還是要適當(dāng)停頓。

　　D. sometimes meets customers who speak very fast, and you need your "thin mouth". But the middle must be stopped properly.

　　e. 為了培養(yǎng)良好的節(jié)奏，一方面需要磨嘴皮子，一方面需要理解講者的實(shí)際意思、有效地組織語(yǔ)言。還有一個(gè)容易忽視的點(diǎn)：調(diào)節(jié)呼吸，不注意的話(huà)會(huì)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很喘，聽(tīng)眾還是覺(jué)得累。

　　E. In order to cultivate a good rhythm, on the one hand, we need to sharpen our mouths, on the other hand, we need to understand the actual meaning of the speaker and organize the language effectively. There's another easy to overlook: breathing, if you don't pay attention to it, it will sound very breathless, and the audience will still feel tired.

　　疑問(wèn)三

　　Question three

　　如何評(píng)斷一個(gè)工作該不該接?

　　How to judge whether a job should be answered?

　　要敢于接會(huì)，不意味著亂接會(huì)。

　　If we dare to meet, it does not mean that we will meet in disorder.

　　開(kāi)始階段，不要頻繁的去接技術(shù)難度過(guò)大的會(huì)議，尤其是技術(shù)培訓(xùn)、技術(shù)研討會(huì)等，比如說(shuō)某個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)或者化工的研討會(huì)。如果你沒(méi)有足夠的背景知識(shí)，準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間也不充足的情況下，最好不要接。

　　At the beginning, don't frequently attend technical difficult meetings, especially technical training, technical seminars, such as a medical or chemical seminar. If you don't have enough background knowledge and you don't have enough time to prepare, you'd better not pick up.

　　如果自己準(zhǔn)備不足，在同傳間里說(shuō)不出來(lái)，一派胡言，或者在交傳的會(huì)場(chǎng)上磕磕巴巴，一問(wèn)三不知，會(huì)極大的影響到客戶(hù)對(duì)你的印象，嚴(yán)重者，直接被打入冷宮，未起跑就摔倒。

　　If you are not prepared enough, you can't speak out in the same biographies, you can't talk nonsense, or you can bump and bump in the Convention venue. If you don't know one thing or another, you will greatly affect the impression of your customers. If you are serious, you will be directly put into the cold palace and fall before you start.

　　勸你多給自己一些準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間，如果你一個(gè)月只接到了一個(gè)會(huì)議，你把它做好了，也是成功。一個(gè)月內(nèi)你接到了4個(gè)會(huì)，但是每個(gè)都做的差強(qiáng)人意，也不能算是成功。

　　You are advised to give yourself more time to prepare. If you receive only one meeting a month, you will succeed in doing it well. In a month, you have received 4 meetings, but each of them is not satisfactory, nor can it be regarded as success.

　　此外，如果有翻譯公司問(wèn)你：“一個(gè)小時(shí)同傳，一個(gè)人做可以嗎?”或者“一個(gè)兩個(gè)小時(shí)晚宴的同傳，吃飯的時(shí)候不用翻譯，只要交流的時(shí)候同傳就好了。”這樣的會(huì)要慎重的接，有可能是一個(gè)人做完遠(yuǎn)不止一個(gè)小時(shí)的同傳，exhausted，最后得不償失。如果真的出現(xiàn)這種超時(shí)的狀況，自己不要吃啞巴虧，要及時(shí)的和翻譯公司或客戶(hù)溝通，通知其實(shí)際工作時(shí)間。不用擔(dān)心會(huì)得罪翻譯公司和客戶(hù)，及時(shí)告知，是你專(zhuān)業(yè)性的表現(xiàn)。

　　In addition, if a translation company asks you, "One hour simultaneous transmission, can one person do it?" or "A two-hour dinner simultaneous transmission, eat without translation, as long as the communication simultaneous transmission is good." This kind of meeting needs careful acceptance. It may be that a person has completed a simultaneous transmission which is far more than an hour, exhausted, and ultimately lost. If there is such a situation of overtime, don't suffer dumb losses. Communicate with the translation company or customers in time and inform them of their actual working hours. Don't worry about offending translation companies and customers. Timely disclosure is your professional performance.

　　對(duì)于新人，會(huì)前準(zhǔn)備重要，會(huì)后總結(jié)同樣重要。如果條件允許，可以對(duì)自己的口譯進(jìn)行錄音，會(huì)后，認(rèn)真回聽(tīng)，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)校驗(yàn)�？傊�，對(duì)于新人，開(kāi)始階段，不要單純的去追求會(huì)議的數(shù)量，更要看重任務(wù)的完成質(zhì)量，用心做好每一場(chǎng)會(huì)，用過(guò)硬質(zhì)量樹(shù)立自己的口碑。

　　For new people, preparation before the meeting is important, and the summary after the meeting is equally important. If conditions permit, you can record your own interpretation, listen carefully after the meeting, and summarize the experience of verification. In short, for newcomers, at the beginning, we should not simply pursue the number of meetings, but also pay attention to the quality of task completion. We should do a good job in every meeting and build up our own reputation with hard quality.

　　疑問(wèn)四

　　Question four

　　需要“包裝”自己?jiǎn)?

　　Do I need to "wrap" myself?

　　有的譯員問(wèn)了，已經(jīng)在各大招聘網(wǎng)站投了簡(jiǎn)歷，為何很少能獲得應(yīng)聘機(jī)會(huì)?那是因?yàn)槟愕暮?jiǎn)歷不夠?qū)�業(yè)，沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出自身優(yōu)勢(shì)，還沒(méi)來(lái)得及應(yīng)聘就已經(jīng)被刷掉了。

　　Some interpreters have asked why they seldom get the chance to apply after they have sent their resumes to major recruitment websites. That's because your resume is not professional enough to reflect their own advantages and has been brushed out before they can apply.

　　在求職時(shí)招聘者最關(guān)心的不是你以前是否當(dāng)過(guò)班長(zhǎng)、組織過(guò)社會(huì)活動(dòng)，而是你是否有相關(guān)翻譯經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以及參與過(guò)哪些相關(guān)翻譯項(xiàng)目。

　　When looking for a job, the employer's main concern is not whether you have been a monitor or organized social activities before, but whether you have relevant translation experience and what related translation projects you have participated in.

　　因此，譯員應(yīng)聘時(shí)在簡(jiǎn)歷當(dāng)中突出客戶(hù)關(guān)心的內(nèi)容即可。另外，對(duì)于不同的客戶(hù)，你可能需要準(zhǔn)備不同的簡(jiǎn)歷，這樣才便于客戶(hù)了解你是否能勝任他們的工作。

　　Therefore, an interpreter should highlight the contents of his client's attention in his resume. In addition, for different customers, you may need to prepare different resumes so that customers can know if you are qualified for their work.

　　疑問(wèn)五

　　Question five

　　讀了翻譯專(zhuān)業(yè)，好找工作嗎?

　　Have you read the translation major, looking for a job well?

　　不一定，因?yàn)橛行┩瑢W(xué)雖然在學(xué)校認(rèn)真上課，但是距離實(shí)際應(yīng)用仍有距離;另外一個(gè)重要原因是很多大公司“保守”思想泛濫。

　　Not necessarily, because some students are serious in school, but there is still a distance from the practical application; another important reason is that many large companies "conservative" thinking is rampant.

　　所謂“保守”，公司喜歡用一些固定的翻譯，一個(gè)是長(zhǎng)期合作價(jià)格可以壓低，另一個(gè)就是默契度不錯(cuò)，重新磨合新的口譯需要時(shí)間成本。所以很多公司并不樂(lè)意任用新人。所以在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中，也不要忘記多參加實(shí)踐，積累相關(guān)的人脈資源。

　　So-called "conservative", the company likes to use some fixed translation, one is long-term cooperation price can be reduced, the other is good tacit understanding, it takes time cost to reconcile the new interpretation. So many companies are not willing to hire new people. So in the process of learning, do not forget to take part in practice and accumulate related resources.

　　疑問(wèn)六

　　Question six

　　做好翻譯什么最重要

　　What is the most important in translation?

　　就想前面說(shuō)的，現(xiàn)在的社會(huì)對(duì)于翻譯人才的要求是通才。除了自己擅長(zhǎng)的領(lǐng)域要不斷地強(qiáng)化之外，還要不斷地學(xué)習(xí)其他方面的知識(shí)，關(guān)心時(shí)事政治，了解經(jīng)濟(jì)文化，明白與擅長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)域

 

　　Just like what I said before, today's society demands versatile talents for translation. In addition to constantly strengthening their areas of expertise, they should also continue to learn other aspects of knowledge, care about current affairs and politics, understand economy and culture, understand and be good at areas.